The instruments at a glance
All rules retrieved August 7, 2026 from the linked police department form, program page or municipal code. Click a city for the full rules.
| City | What it’s called | Term | Notarization | Scope |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Atlanta | None citywide | n/a | n/a | Officer-present warnings only |
| Austin | Authorization Letter (PD0272) | 1 year | None (DL copy) | Business locations |
| Charlotte | Authorization to Act as Agent | 1 year | Notarized | Commercial after-hours + vacant |
| Chicago | Criminal Trespass Affidavit | 1 year | Notarized (CPD arranges) | Commercial + multi-unit common areas |
| Dallas | Criminal Trespass Affidavit | 2 years max | Officer-administered oath | Private property generally |
| Eugene | Trespass Letter of Consent | 2 years (page) / until revoked (form) | None (online form) | Commercial only |
| Fort Worth | Criminal Trespass Affidavit | Until revoked; list 1 year | Notarized | Commercial (after hours) + residential |
| Houston | Trespass Affidavit | No expiration stated | Notarized | Commercial + residential (separate forms) |
| Las Vegas | None published | Warning valid 36 months | n/a | Statutory warning regime |
| Los Angeles | Trespass Arrest Authorization (41.24) | 12 months max | None | Residential + commercial, incl. open businesses |
| New York City | TAP (terminated 2020) | n/a | n/a | Was residential-only |
| Philadelphia | None (owner must be present) | n/a | n/a | Per-incident only |
| Phoenix | Authority To Arrest (80-570D) | 1 year | None (online filing) | Business, vacant, lots, common areas |
| Portland | Trespass Enforcement Agreement | 2 years | None stated | Commercial, not 24/7-staffed |
| Salem | Trespass Letter of Consent | 1 year | None | Commercial + vacant + construction |
| San Antonio | Trespass Affidavit | Not stated (downtown: annual) | Notarized | Commercial; mandatory for vacant buildings |
| San Diego | Letter of Agency | 12 months max | None | Business + residential + vacant lots |
| Seattle | Trespass Warning & Enforcement Authorization | Until terminated | None | Businesses open to the public; vacant homes |
The rules in full, city by city
Atlanta, Georgia
No citywide programAtlanta Police Department · No citywide pre-authorization instrumentThe situation here: Atlanta has no citywide trespass affidavit or letter of agency; APD’s own business-forms page lists no trespass authorization of any kind. A criminal trespass warning under Georgia law requires the owner or the owner’s agent to ask the person to leave in the presence of an Atlanta police officer, who documents the warning under a case number; a refusal or a later return is then an arrestable offence. Business districts fill the gap privately: Midtown Blue’s civilian public safety officers act under a signed Letter of Agency, and suburban agencies such as Chamblee run their own trespass affidavit programs.
Who may file
n/a; no standing city instrument. The warning must come from the owner or the owner’s agent, made with an officer present.
What enforcement requires
- For a warning to stick: the person is on private property without authorization
- The owner or the owner’s agent asks them to leave
- The request is made in the presence of an Atlanta police officer, documented under a case number
- The owner keeps the warning records and must be prepared to press charges and testify
How long it lasts
A documented warning persists: "if the individual refuses to comply, or leaves and later returns at any time in the future, they will be arrested for Criminal Trespass if the owner wishes to press charges."
Cost
n/a. No filing exists.
How to file
Nothing to file with APD. Business-district programs (e.g., Midtown Blue’s Letter of Agency) are contracted separately with the district, not the police department.
What police do, and the evidence it turns on
Enforcement is warning-based and owner-present by design: the ask-to-leave must happen with an officer there, and prosecution rests on the owner’s records and testimony. Keeping dated documentation of who was warned and when is what makes a later arrest possible.
Legal basis: O.C.G.A. § 16-7-21(b), criminal trespass after notice (element description verified via the Midtown Alliance fact sheet; statute text not independently retrieved).
- Midtown Alliance / Midtown Blue — Criminal Trespass fact sheet — the four warning elements under Georgia law, and the Midtown Blue Letter of Agency model
- APD — Business forms (archived 2025-11-17) — no trespass authorization form listed; the live page blocks automated access
Austin, Texas
Program availableAustin Police Department · Authorization Letter for Criminal Trespass Arrest (form PD0272)How it works here: Austin pairs a one-year authorization letter with its Criminal Trespass Notice system. With the letter on file, an officer can act in the owner’s absence, but APD General Order 437 requires three things before an arrest: the letter on file, a verified incident report documenting it, and a criminal trespass notice previously given to that person. No notarization: a signature and a copy of your driver’s licence.
Who may file
The owner or manager of the business ("I… am the owner/manager of… and I have authority to control entrance by others on or into this property"). APD defines an owner/agent as a person "with apparent authority to act on behalf of the owner (e.g., manager, custodian)."
What the filing requires
- Signed form PD0272 with a copy of the signer’s driver’s licence attached; no notary
- Signer’s date of birth and licence number, and the business name and address
- "No Trespassing" signs "posted at all times and at all points of entry"; the authorization "is not effective" without them
- Signs may carve out tenants, customers or patients, but arrests will not be made where a sign singles out "a specific class group such as transients, homeless people, or a minority group"
How long it lasts
One year: "This authorization shall remain in effect for a term of one year… may be renewed annually", and it is "automatically terminated upon change of ownership or management." Criminal trespass notices given to individuals are likewise treated as valid for one year.
Cost
No fee stated on the form or in General Order 437.
How to file
Through the APD District Representative for your area command: mail the form to APD’s PO Box or email it with the licence copy to the district representative.
What police do, and the evidence it turns on
Warn first, arrest on return: officers issue a documented Criminal Trespass Notice, and arrest in the owner’s absence only with the letter on file, a verified incident report, and a prior notice to that person. Austin is also the one city whose written policy embraces video: officers "do not need to actually witness the offense" and may establish probable cause from "first-hand inspections of physical or video evidence" and "probative video of a suspect committing the offense" (GO 437.2.1(a)).
Legal basis: Texas Penal Code § 30.05 (criminal trespass; signs serve as written notice); Tex. Code Crim. Proc. art. 14.01(b) (warrantless arrest for offences in the officer’s presence or view).
- APD form PD0272 — Authorization Letter for Criminal Trespass Arrest — mirror copy of the official APD form (Rev. July 2016), distributed via district representatives
- APD General Orders — Order 437, Criminal Trespass (issued 2026-04-24) — arrest preconditions 437.2.7 and the video-evidence language 437.2.1(a); austintexas.gov serves the same document only to browsers
Charlotte, North Carolina
Program availableCharlotte-Mecklenburg Police Department · Authorization to Act as AgentHow it works here: Charlotte’s notarized "Authorization to Act as Agent" makes every sworn CMPD officer the owner’s agent to order people off the property, and arrest those who refuse, during the hours enumerated on the form and on the posted signs. It is reviewed and approved by the CMPD Police Attorney’s Office, is built "to deal with the problem of trespassers on commercial property after business hours or on vacant property", and expires after one year.
Who may file
The property owner, business owner or manager (signature block: "Property Owner, Business Owner, Manager, etc."). The form makes police officers the owner’s agents; it does not provide for a third-party company as the filer.
What the filing requires
- Form "must be executed in the presence of a notary public"
- Property name, description and address, plus enumerated hours of enforcement ("____ until ____ or 24-HOURS")
- "SIGN(S) MUST BE POSTED BEFORE THIS FORM WILL BE APPROVED!", with photos of the posted signs included in the application
- Enforcement hours must appear on the application "AND ON THE NO TRESPASSING SIGNS"
- Approval by the Police Attorney, with approval and expiration dates on the form
How long it lasts
"THIS AUTHORIZATION EXPIRES ONE YEAR FROM DATE OF EXECUTION"; a new form on ownership change or renewal.
Cost
No fee stated on the form or program page.
How to file
Through the CMPD Police Attorney’s Office, 601 E. Trade Street, Suite 3220, Charlotte, NC 28202; (704) 336-2406.
What police do, and the evidence it turns on
"I hereby authorize each sworn police officer of the Charlotte-Mecklenburg Police Department to act as my agent in ordering individuals to leave the premises… if any individual does not leave said premises, Charlotte-Mecklenburg Police officer(s) may make arrest(s)." The owner stays on the hook for prosecution: "I can be called on to sign a complaint pursuant to this agreement, and I agree to testify in court." Not available for partially occupied property (apartment complexes) or 24-hour businesses.
Legal basis: N.C.G.S. § 14-159.12 (first-degree trespass) and § 14-159.13 (second-degree trespass), cited on the form itself.
- CMPD — Authorization to Act as an Agent (program page) — page blocks automated access; content captured via a real browser session
- CMPD — form + Chief’s cover letter (rev. 3/3/2026)
Chicago, Illinois
Program availableChicago Police Department · Criminal Trespass Affidavit (Trespass Affidavit Program, form CPD-21.718)How it works here: Chicago’s Trespass Affidavit Program lets CPD enter enrolled private property and enforce the law in the owner’s absence. Unusually, the affidavit "permits Department members to sign criminal complaints on behalf of a property owner", so no one has to appear at the station at the moment of arrest. Enrollment runs through the district commander, the affidavit is notarized (CPD arranges the notary), and it is valid for one year.
Who may file
A private property owner or the owner’s agent; the form is signed by "Owner or Agent of Owner" with the affiant stating their relationship ("Owner, Manager etc").
What the filing requires
- Notarized Criminal Trespass Affidavit (CPD-21.718); CPD arranges notarization at the Legal Affairs Division or the district
- Enrollment form (CPD-21.716) with contact information, a building profile, and access keys or key codes
- An authorization list of permitted persons (CPD-21.717)
- Notice "conspicuously posted or exhibited at the main entrance to the property"
How long it lasts
"The Criminal Trespass Affidavit is valid for one year from the date of signature. Enrollment into the program may be renewed every year, as needed."
Cost
No fee stated in the directive or on the forms.
How to file
Meet with your district commander (field visits are possible); BOMA/Chicago directs commercial buildings to their district’s CPD Business Liaison. Paper forms, kept on file by the District Intelligence Officer.
What police do, and the evidence it turns on
"I hereby grant authority to the Chicago Police Department to enter the premises at the above location and, in my absence, enforce all applicable laws on my behalf." Officers conduct premise checks of enrolled buildings and question suspected trespassers; arrests are flagged "Trespass Affidavit Related" with the affidavit attached. The program "will not be used to mitigate landlord-tenant disputes or other civil matters where ownership is in dispute", and the affidavit does not obligate CPD "to patrol the described premises for or at any specific time."
Legal basis: No statute is cited on the form or directive; the posted-notice language tracks 720 ILCS 5/21-3 (criminal trespass to real property).
- CPD Special Order S02-03-09 — Trespass Affidavit Program — effective 2020-12-01; the host serves the PDF to browsers but not to automated fetchers
- CPD form CPD-21.718 — Criminal Trespass Affidavit
- CPD form CPD-21.716 — Trespass Affidavit Program enrollment
- BOMA/Chicago — CPD Criminal Trespass Program — commercial-buildings intake route via the district Business Liaison
Dallas, Texas
Program availableDallas Police Department · Criminal Trespass AffidavitHow it works here: Dallas runs its Criminal Trespass Affidavit program through each patrol division. The affidavit makes DPD officers "persons with apparent authority to act for the property owner", able to warn anyone unauthorized off the property, and arrest on refusal or return. No outside notary is needed: a Dallas police officer administers the oath. It lasts at most two years, and any change to ownership or the authorized list voids it.
Who may file
The property owner or the owner’s agent; the blank reads "I am the ______ (owner, manager, etc.) of the private property" and requires "I have care, custody, and control of the above referenced private property."
What the filing requires
- Sworn affidavit; the oath is administered by a Dallas police officer, not an outside notary
- An Authorization List of up to 10 named persons allowed on the property, with dates of birth and permitted times of day
- Filer’s driver’s licence number and date of birth; blue or black ink only
- "No Trespassing" or "No Trespassing between Designated Times" signs "in prominent locations around your property"; sign examples come with the packet
How long it lasts
Two years maximum: "effective from the date that this document is received and accepted by the Dallas Police Department, until two years have passed, a change in ownership/authorized personnel occurs, or revoked in writing… whichever comes first."
Cost
No fee stated in the program packet.
How to file
Return the signed paper forms to the patrol division headquarters covering the property, "Attention Division Commander", by mail or in person.
What police do, and the evidence it turns on
Officers "may act as ‘persons with apparent authority to act for the property owner’ to notify any person… that his entry is forbidden and to leave the property immediately or face possible arrest." In practice: a warning (criminal trespass card) is issued and documented, and a prior warning recipient found on the property again can be charged. The owner or manager "will be the person formally filing the criminal complaint." The city counted 2,453 affidavits on file and roughly 500 trespass arrests in one year.
Legal basis: Texas Penal Code § 30.05; Tex. Code Crim. Proc. art. 2.12(3) and Tex. Gov’t Code § 602.002(7) (how DPD officers administer the oath in-house).
- DPD — Criminal Trespass Affidavit packet (2021 revision) — the host’s TLS certificate chain fails automated verification; document fetched live regardless
- City of Dallas — DPD Criminal Trespass Affidavit Program briefing — program mechanics, warning cards, and the 2,453-affidavit count
Eugene, Oregon
Program availableEugene Police Department · Trespass Letter of Consent (TLC)How it works here: Eugene’s Trespass Letter of Consent "allows a police officer to take enforcement action, on your behalf, without contacting you first." It is commercial-only, filed online, and free of notarization, but both the signage and the TLC must already be in place "before a call for service can happen when no one from the business is at the property." That last clause is the whole game for an absent owner: the paperwork has to predate the incident.
Who may file
The form’s authority certification offers Owner, Lessee, Manager, or Other. Businesses with multiple properties attach a PDF listing all commercial properties to be covered.
What the filing requires
- Online application via the city’s FormCenter; no notarization
- Property address and type of location; commercial vacant land needs a Maplot number
- "No Trespassing" signs posted on the property
- For portfolios: a PDF list of all commercial properties to be covered
How long it lasts
The city page says a TLC "will be valid for two years from the date of submission"; the form’s own clause says it continues "until such time as it is revoked in writing." The two official statements differ; confirm with EPD which governs; this page reports both.
Cost
No fee stated on the page or form.
How to file
Online at eugene-or.gov (Police FormCenter, "Trespass Letter of Consent"); revoke by written notice or email.
What police do, and the evidence it turns on
Officers act on the owner’s behalf without contacting them first; the city designates "each and every police officer now or hereafter employed by the City of Eugene as agent" for enforcing the municipal trespass code. Signage plus a TLC on file are the preconditions for a call for service to be actioned when no one from the business is on site.
Legal basis: Eugene Municipal Code §§ 4.805–4.809 (cited on the form). Oregon’s criminal trespass statutes are ORS 164.245/164.255, though the Eugene form itself cites only city code.
Fort Worth, Texas
Program availableFort Worth Police Department · Criminal Trespass AffidavitHow it works here: Fort Worth’s notarized Criminal Trespass Affidavit authorizes FWPD "to remove or arrest persons found on the property when not authorized", with the business version scoped to non-business hours. The affidavit itself runs until revoked, but the attached Authorization List expires after a year and contact details must be refreshed annually, so treat it as a yearly-maintenance program. It is administered by the Nuisance Abatement/EPCU unit.
Who may file
The property owner or the owner’s agent (relationship line: owner / lessee / manager). The city’s own council report notes that "any person designated by the owner of a property can give a trespass notice, including property managers, employees and security guards."
What the filing requires
- Notarized affidavit (business/commercial or residential/apartment version)
- A Complainant Data Sheet; this person is who gets subpoenaed for court
- An Authorization List (name, date of birth, permitted times, position) plus an additional-address list
- "No Trespassing" or "No Trespassing between Designated Times" signs in prominent locations; examples in the packet cite § 30.05
How long it lasts
The affidavit is "effective… until revoked in writing", but "An Authorization List expires in a maximum of one year from date signed or anytime a change is made", and contact information must be updated annually.
Cost
No fee stated in the program packet.
How to file
Return the signed forms to Fort Worth Police Department, Nuisance Abatement/EPCU, 5650 E. Lancaster Ave., Fort Worth, TX 76112. Paper only; no online filing found.
What police do, and the evidence it turns on
Warn-then-arrest with a paper trail: the officer completes a Criminal Trespass Warning Card, gives copies to the person and the owner’s agent, and writes an incident report "so that officers can arrest the person if he/she is located on the property again." With signs posted, "police officers are authorized to arrest anyone found to be on the property in violation of the notice on the sign." The business affidavit authorizes entry "during non-business hours"; the owner is the formal complainant.
Legal basis: Texas Penal Code § 30.05, cited throughout the packet and in the city’s Informal Report No. 10281 on criminal trespass and apparent authority.
- FWPD — Criminal Trespass Affidavit packet — community-organization mirror of the FWPD packet; police.fortworthtexas.gov blocks automated access
- City of Fort Worth — Informal Report 10281, Criminal Trespass and Apparent Authority (2019) — warning-card mechanics and the designated-agent language, on the city’s own document host
Houston, Texas
Program availableHouston Police Department · Trespass Affidavit (business/commercial and residential versions)How it works here: Houston’s notarized Trespass Affidavit authorizes HPD "to enter the premises… and, in my absence, to enforce all applicable trespass laws on my behalf", asking anyone who is not a patron in the normal course of business to leave or be arrested under § 30.05. It is filed on paper at the police station or storefront covering the property, and it has no stated expiration: it stays in force until the listed information changes, at which point a new affidavit must be submitted.
Who may file
"Only the owner or the authorized agent of the owner for the concerned property"; the signature line reads "(Owner / Agent of the Owner)".
What the filing requires
- Notarized Trespass Affidavit (separate business and residential forms)
- A Complainant Data Sheet; that person "will be the person subpoenaed for court"
- "No Trespassing" signs "at all places reasonably anticipated to be used as an entrance to the premises"; the affidavit asserts signs "have been posted throughout the property"
- An affirmation of cooperation with prosecution
How long it lasts
No expiration stated on the form. "If there are any changes in the information listed… a new Trespass Affidavit and Complainant Data Sheet must be submitted."
Cost
No fee stated on the form or instructions.
How to file
"Submit the original Trespass Affidavit and Complainant Data Sheet to the nearest Houston Police Station or Police Storefront having jurisdiction over the concerned property." Paper, in person; the executed affidavit is kept on file at the division for the location.
What police do, and the evidence it turns on
HPD may warn off and arrest "all persons who are not patrons in the normal course of business" in the owner’s absence, "pursuant to Section 30.05 of the Texas Penal Code." The Complainant Data Sheet is the evidentiary spine: it names the person who will carry the prosecution into court.
Legal basis: Texas Penal Code § 30.05, cited on the affidavit.
- HPD — Trespass Affidavit, business/commercial (archived 2026-03-20) — houstontx.gov refuses automated connections; the official PDF (effective 2021-01-21) verified via a dated archive capture
- HPD — Trespass Affidavit, residential (archived 2025-03-07)
- HPD — registrations page listing both forms (archived 2026-05-13) — confirms both affidavits remain the current published forms
Las Vegas, Nevada
No citywide programLas Vegas Metropolitan Police Department · No published programThe situation here: LVMPD publishes no trespass authorization form or program; an archive-index query for any lvmpd.com page ever captured containing "trespass" returns nothing at all. What Nevada owners rely on instead is the statute: NRS 207.200 makes it a misdemeanor to remain "after having been warned during the previous 36 months by the owner or occupant", and property posted or fenced to the statutory standard is prima facie evidence of trespass on its own.
Who may file
n/a; no published instrument. The statutory warning comes from "the owner or occupant"; area commands issue written trespass warnings case by case.
What enforcement requires
- Under NRS 207.200, sufficient warning is given by any of: posting "no trespassing" signs at intervals of not more than 500 feet and at each corner; fencing; fluorescent orange paint markings; or an oral or written demand to vacate
- Posted or fenced property makes a person’s presence without lawful business prima facie evidence of trespass
- A warning is good for 36 months; documenting who was warned and when is what makes the later misdemeanor stick
How long it lasts
The statutory warning window is 36 months from when the warning was given.
Cost
n/a. No filing exists.
How to file
Nothing to file. Contact your LVMPD area command about written trespass warnings for specific individuals; this database will record any program details LVMPD provides as a dated communication.
What police do, and the evidence it turns on
Warning-based: police act on a documented warning given within the previous 36 months, or on the prima facie evidence created by statutory posting and fencing. There is no standing pre-authorization on file, which makes the owner’s own documentation of warnings the load-bearing evidence.
Legal basis: NRS 207.200 (misdemeanor trespass; warning and posting standards); text current through 2025 amendments.
- NRS 207.200 — Unlawful trespass upon land (archived 2026-08-04) — the official legislature host blocks automated access; verified via a dated archive capture of the official page
- LVMPD — official site (blocks automated access; no trespass program page has ever been archived) — the absence is the finding: no LVMPD trespass authorization form exists in any archive index
Los Angeles, California
Program availableLos Angeles Police Department · Trespass Arrest Authorization (LAMC 41.24)How it works here: Los Angeles files trespass enforcement under Municipal Code § 41.24: the Trespass Arrest Authorization form (the "41.24 form") names the LAPD division and authorizes officers to enforce the section on the property for up to twelve months. It covers three situations: arrest on posted closed property, advise-to-leave with arrest on return within six months, and, for commercial property open to the public, a 24-hour removal power. The signage spec is exacting, down to two-inch lettering and fifty-foot intervals.
Who may file
"I am the Owner/Owner’s agent/person in lawful possession of the above referenced property."
What the filing requires
- The 41.24 form: property address, residential (with unit count) or commercial type, the applicable code paragraphs, property manager contact, and signature; no notarization
- Signs reading "THIS PROPERTY CLOSED TO THE PUBLIC / No Entry Without Permission / LAMC SEC. 41.24" with lettering "at least two inches high"
- Signs "at every walkway and driveway entering any enclosed property… and at a minimum of every fifty feet along the boundary of any unenclosed lot"
- Specific authorization dates on the form; the period cannot exceed 12 months
How long it lasts
"Dates of Authorization From ___ to ___ (cannot exceed 12 months)"; the twelve-month ceiling is written into LAMC 41.24(g), which mirrors the state-wide ceiling in Penal Code § 602(o).
Cost
No fee stated on the form or in the code.
How to file
The form is addressed to the LAPD division covering the property (a division blank is on the form). The exact submission route is not published; confirm mechanics with your Area station.
What police do, and the evidence it turns on
Officers may arrest anyone on posted closed property who is not a lawful resident, guest or visitor; advise a person to leave and arrest them on return within six months; or, on open commercial property, remove a person for 24 hours "if the request to leave is rationally related to the services performed or the facilities provided." Every advisement must be documented in writing (name, date, approximate time, address and property type) and "retained for a minimum period of one year." The signer agrees to "cooperate fully in the prosecution."
Legal basis: Los Angeles Municipal Code § 41.24 (Ord. 168,500, eff. 1993); California Penal Code § 602 / § 602(o) behind it. Exemptions preserved at 41.24(h) for constitutionally protected activity.
- City of Los Angeles — Trespass Arrest Authorization form (LAMC 41.24) — the official form as distributed by the LA Housing Department
- LAMC § 41.24 — Trespass on Private Property (archived 2022-09-15) — the live code host blocks automated access; section text verified from a dated archive capture (through 2022 supplement)
New York City, New York
No citywide programNew York Police Department · Trespass Affidavit Program (terminated 2020)The situation here: New York once had the country’s largest program of this kind, the Trespass Affidavit Program or "Operation Clean Halls", but it was residential-only, covering interior patrols of privately owned apartment buildings, and the NYPD formally ended it on September 30, 2020 after enrollment collapsed from over 8,000 buildings to 124 amid the Ligon stop-and-frisk litigation. There is no citywide successor instrument for commercial property: enforcement today is complaint-driven.
Who may file
n/a. The program is terminated, and even while it ran it applied only to residential buildings ("Owners of residential buildings would submit a form affidavit providing the NYPD with the authority to conduct interior patrols of their buildings, much like private security").
What enforcement requires
- Nothing to file today. For an incident in progress: "Call 911 to report trespassing in progress" (NYC311)
- "Officers from your local police precinct will respond when they are not handling emergency situations"
How long it lasts
n/a; terminated September 30, 2020.
Cost
n/a. No filing exists.
How to file
Nothing to file. Commercial owners work through their precinct on a per-incident basis; press reporting at the time of termination noted the NYPD pointing landlords toward surveillance cameras instead.
What police do, and the evidence it turns on
Complaint-driven under New York Penal Law Article 140: police respond to reported trespassing rather than acting on a standing authorization. Documentation of who was present, when, and that they were told to leave carries the same evidentiary weight it always did; there is simply no pre-filed instrument to attach it to.
Legal basis: N.Y. Penal Law Art. 140 (criminal trespass). The program ran under NYPD Patrol Guide 212-59, revoked October 2020.
- NYPD Federal Monitor — 18th Report on the Trespass Affidavit Program (2023) — program history, residential scope, enrollment collapse, and the 2020-09-30 termination date
- NYC311 — Trespassing — what property owners are directed to do today
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
No citywide programPhiladelphia Police Department · No pre-authorization program; owner presence requiredThe situation here: Philadelphia is the counter-example: PPD policy affirmatively requires what other cities’ programs exist to avoid. Under Memorandum 18-02, a defiant-trespass arrest at a business requires an order to leave "personally communicated" by the owner or an authorized person, refusal "in the presence of the officer", and the owner signing paperwork as complainant on the spot: "Police Officers are NOT ‘other authorized persons’" for this purpose. If the owner will not be a complainant, no arrest is made. The city’s separate § 10-840 affidavit exists, but it is a residential squatter-removal mechanism, not a commercial patrol authorization.
Who may file
n/a. There is nothing to pre-file for commercial property. The owner or authorized person must participate at the time of the incident.
What enforcement requires
- For an arrest under Memo 18-02: an order to leave personally communicated by the owner or authorized person
- The refusal to leave committed in the officer’s presence
- The owner or authorized person signing the 75-48 as complainant, confirming they wish to prosecute
- Alternative for lower-level cases: posted notice under 18 Pa.C.S. § 3503(b)(1)(ii) and a private criminal complaint
How long it lasts
n/a; no standing instrument.
Cost
n/a. No filing exists.
How to file
Nothing to file with PPD for commercial property. The Philadelphia Code § 10-840 "Owner or Authorized Agent Affidavit" applies to residential squatter removal only; do not conflate the two.
What police do, and the evidence it turns on
Owner-present by policy: the order to leave, the refusal, and the complainant signature all happen live. Supervisors may decline arrests and "advise how to and where to file a private criminal complaint." Note the policy is a 2018 memorandum; confirm with PPD whether it has been superseded before relying on it.
Legal basis: 18 Pa.C.S. § 3503(b) (defiant trespass; notice by actual communication, posting, or fencing); Philadelphia Code § 10-840 (residential squatter affidavit, separate mechanism).
- PPD Memorandum 18-02 — Defiant Trespass on Private Business Property (2018) — the PPD original, mirrored by a Philadelphia news outlet; the five arrest conditions quoted are from this document
- Philadelphia Code § 10-840 — Criminal and Defiant Trespassers — residential squatter-removal affidavit, a different instrument from a commercial patrol authorization
Phoenix, Arizona
Program availablePhoenix Police Department · Authority To Arrest Trespassers (form 80-570D)How it works here: Phoenix’s Authority to Arrest "gives police permission to arrest people trespassing on your property when the business is closed, without having to contact owner/management." It is filed with your precinct, electronically, with an emailed expiry reminder 30 days before its one-year term runs out. Arizona law does the underlying work: a request to leave from an officer acting for the owner "has the same legal effect as a request made by the property owner."
Who may file
"The undersigned owner, occupant, or designated agent for the premises"; the form asks your position relative to the property: owner, manager, or agent.
What the filing requires
- The Authority To Arrest Trespassers form (80-570D) with precinct, premises name, exact address, and property type (vacant lot / parking lot / business / common area / vacant residence)
- Original or electronic signature of the owner/agent; personal contact details "for prosecution purposes only"; no notarization
- "No Trespassing signs MUST be posted on the property", at all reasonable entrances and periodically throughout; recommended minimum 16" × 24", bilingual, metal, red ink on white
- A new form on any change in ownership or agent status
How long it lasts
"This form is valid from the date of signature for one year." The precinct emails a reminder 30 days before expiry.
Cost
No fee stated on the page or form.
How to file
Electronically via the city’s online form (problems to ATA@phoenix.gov), or on paper to your local precinct; each precinct manages its own files.
What police do, and the evidence it turns on
The form "authorizes the Phoenix Police Department to patrol the premises indicated above and arrest persons trespassing pursuant to Arizona Revised Statutes sections 13-1501 through 13-1504", 24 hours a day, though while a business is open, "an officer will have to make contact with someone to verify that the person is not a customer." The filer agrees "to cooperate fully in the prosecution of any person subsequently arrested." Files are "available for officers to utilize at their discretion."
Legal basis: ARS §§ 13-1501–13-1504. Key text: § 13-1502(B): "a request to leave by a law enforcement officer acting at the request of the owner of the property… has the same legal effect as a request made by the property owner." Third-degree criminal trespass is a class 3 misdemeanor.
- Phoenix PD — Address Trespassers on Business Property — program mechanics, precinct administration, signage specification and the ARS 13-1502 text
- Form 80-570D — Authority To Arrest Trespassers (specimen) — a filled specimen showing the form’s structure; live submission is via the city’s online form
Portland, Oregon
Program availablePortland Police Bureau · Trespass Enforcement Agreement (PPB Directive 0630.37)How it works here: Portland’s Trespass Enforcement Agreement flags the property in the dispatch system so officers can act without hunting for the owner: anyone found without authorization "will be told to leave the property and not return or be subject to arrest for Criminal Trespass in the Second Degree." It is aimed squarely at commercial property that is not staffed around the clock (24-hour businesses, properties with on-site security, housing and mixed-use are all excluded) and runs for two years.
Who may file
"Private property owners and property managers." The directive names no other agents.
What the filing requires
- Application through the program coordinator, reviewed and approved by a Neighborhood Response Team sergeant after an on-site meeting
- Complete physical address of the property
- An official notice placard displayed and maintained; officers will not act "where an official notice placard is not displayed"
- Eligibility limits: no 24-hour businesses or properties with security on scene, no multifamily housing, no mixed-use, no single-family residences
How long it lasts
Two years, with the owner responsible for renewing "in anticipation of the Agreement’s expiration date."
Cost
No cost stated in the directive.
How to file
Through the Trespass Enforcement Agreement Program Coordinator at Central Precinct; PPB directs interested owners to the bureau’s website or the coordinator; no standalone public application page is posted.
What police do, and the evidence it turns on
The enrolled address carries a flag record in the computer-aided dispatch system; responding officers verify the agreement, document "the date and time of the Agreement and the name and contact information of the owner/manager" in the police report, and enforce Criminal Trespass in the Second Degree against anyone found without authorization. The directive was last revised December 2024 and is marked as under review.
Legal basis: ORS §§ 164.205–164.270 (criminal trespass), including ORS 164.245 (second degree).
- PPB Directive 0630.37 — Trespass Enforcement Agreement Program — eligibility, placard rule, dispatch flag and enforcement language
Salem, Oregon
Program availableSalem Police Department · Trespass Letter of Consent (TLC)How it works here: Salem’s Trespass Letter of Consent is the program this database’s research started from. The city titles it "Request Trespass Enforcement for Commercial or Vacant Properties", and that scoping is the point: commercial, vacant and under-construction properties qualify; occupied homes and multi-family housing do not. "A TLC gives Salem Police officers permission to act on behalf of the property owner or manager in trespass situations, even if immediate contact with the property owner is not possible." One address per application, one-year term, exacting sign wording.
Who may file
For commercial property: the owner-occupant, a non-occupant owner acting as property manager, the owner of a vacant commercial property, a "commercial property manager or person responsible for the property", or the person responsible for a property under construction (which must have an assigned street address). Residential eligibility is limited to vacant or under-construction properties.
What the filing requires
- One address per application: "ONLY ONE ADDRESS PER TLC APPLICATION"
- Names and dates of birth of the responsible parties; signature in black or blue ink or a digital signature; no notarization
- Signs stating NO TRESPASSING that cite "Salem Revised Code as SRC 95.550"; "Do not add other verbiage to the sign. You are responsible for the purchase of the sign."
- Agreement to "appear in a court of law for any proceedings related to the enforcement of this TLC"
How long it lasts
"The TLC expires one year from the first day of the month in which the authorization was granted. It is the property owner’s responsibility to submit a renewal application."
Cost
No application fee stated; the owner pays for the signage.
How to file
In person or by mail to Salem Police Department TLC Program (Community Engagement Section, 333 Division St NE, Salem OR 97301), or by emailed PDF. Processing "may take up to two weeks."
What police do, and the evidence it turns on
Officers act as the owner’s designated agent under the Salem Revised Code, but the TLC buys enforcement, not patrols: "The police department must first be notified of the situation by a neighbor or concerned citizen." Someone has to see the trespass and call it in, and the signer must back any prosecution in court.
Legal basis: Salem Revised Code §§ 95.548–95.550 (the form designates "all police officers employed by the City of Salem as my agent"); the specified sign also cites ORS 164.245.
- Salem PD — Request Trespass Enforcement for Commercial or Vacant Properties (archived 2026-02-16) — cityofsalem.net blocks automated access; the official page verified via a dated archive capture
- Salem PD — TLC application and brochure (archived 2025-09-12) — eligibility list, sign wording and the one-year clause, read in full from the archived official PDF
- Oregon Knowledge Bank — Trespass Letter of Consent (Salem) — state-published corroboration of the one-year term and multi-family exclusion
San Antonio, Texas
Program availableSan Antonio Police Department · Trespass Affidavit (Private Property)How it works here: San Antonio’s notarized Trespass Affidavit authorizes SAPD "to enter the premises at said location, and in my absence, to enforce all applicable trespass laws on my behalf". For one class of owner it is not optional: the city’s vacant-building ordinance requires registered vacant buildings to file one, with photographic proof that No Trespass placards are posted. SAPD describes it as "a letter allowing the San Antonio Police Department (any Texas peace officer) to act as the business owner’s agent regarding trespassing."
Who may file
The owner or the owner’s agent ("I am the ______ (Owner/Agent of Owner) of the building located at…").
What the filing requires
- Notarized affidavit with owner/agent contact details; the simplest form among the Texas cities, with no authorization list
- "NO TRESPASSING" signs posted throughout the property
- For registered vacant buildings: the affidavit is mandatory, with "visual proof (e.g. photograph) that ‘No Trespass’ placards have been placed on the premises"
How long it lasts
Not stated on the form. The downtown Bike Patrol program collected renewals annually; whether that cycle applies citywide is not published.
Cost
No fee stated on the affidavit. (The vacant-building registration itself carries separate annual fees; that is the registration, not the affidavit.)
How to file
The verified intake routes are the SAPD Downtown Bike Patrol Unit (for the downtown business program, one form per address) and filing with SAPD as part of vacant-building registration. The current citywide intake procedure is not published; confirm with your SAPD substation.
What police do, and the evidence it turns on
Officers may warn off and arrest "all persons who are not customers, invitees, or employees… pursuant to Section 30.05 of the Texas Penal Code" in the owner’s absence, and issue trespass warnings on the owner’s behalf when no staff is on site.
Legal basis: Texas Penal Code § 30.05 (cited on the affidavit); City of San Antonio Code ch. 12 (vacant buildings; mandatory affidavit).
- SAPD — Trespass Affidavit (Private Property) (archived 2023-05-10) — the legacy sanantonio.gov host no longer resolves and current sa.gov pages block even archive crawlers; the official form verified from a dated archive capture
- City of San Antonio — Vacant Building Ordinance, ch. 12 (archived 2023-05-10) — "Criminal trespass affidavits shall be filed with the San Antonio Police Department by the property owner"
- SAPD — Criminal Trespass Affidavit (official agency post) — SAPD’s own description of the downtown program; operational details date to 2016
San Diego, California
Program availableSan Diego Police Department · Letter of Agency (Trespass Arrest Authorization)How it works here: San Diego’s Letter of Agency is the cleanest online filing in this database: "I authorize the SDPD to ask unauthorized persons to leave the property. If they refuse to do so, or return thereafter, I authorize the SDPD to act as my agent for the purposes of enforcing any law violations on the property." Twelve months maximum (a ceiling California writes into state law), and it dies automatically if the property changes hands. After filing, the city wants a specific sign up: "A Letter of Agency has been filed with the San Diego Police Department", at least 18 by 24 inches.
Who may file
The owner, the owner’s agent, or the person in lawful possession of the property (a checkbox on the form).
What the filing requires
- The LOA form: property address and parcel number, business name, the nuisance problems experienced, property type (apartment / business / private home / vacant lot), and certification of the property’s closed/posted status; no notarization on the SDPD form
- An on-site contact plus an emergency contact who is not the owner or the owner’s agent
- After filing: a sign stating "A Letter of Agency has been filed with the San Diego Police Department", at least 18" × 24", legible from the nearest public street
How long it lasts
"I understand this letter is valid for a maximum period of TWELVE MONTHS and it is my responsibility to renew the letter at that time if the need exists." It also "expires upon transfer of ownership of the property or upon a change in the person in lawful possession."
Cost
No fee stated on the page or form.
How to file
Online via the city’s Letter of Agency application (linked from the SDPD services page), or on the PDF form organized by police division.
What police do, and the evidence it turns on
Ask-to-leave, then enforcement on refusal or return, with SDPD acting as the owner’s agent. The city recommends it "for vacant properties, vacant lots, businesses or any properties upon which public nuisance activity or crimes… are occurring." The signer commits: "My agent or I will cooperate in the prosecution of persons for these offenses."
Legal basis: California Penal Code § 602 (the form’s posting language cites "602 P.C."); the 12-month ceiling comes from § 602(o), which requires the standing request in a writing on the agency’s form.
- SDPD — Letter of Agency (Trespass Arrest Authorization) — term, expiry-on-transfer, sign specification and the online application link
- SDPD — Letter of Agency form
Seattle, Washington
Program availableSeattle Police Department · Trespass Warning & Enforcement Authorization (SPD Form 5.34)How it works here: Seattle’s authorization, filed per precinct with no expiry date, puts the property in SPD’s records so officers can issue written trespass warnings against posted "Conditions of Entry", and arrest when a previously warned person comes back. It is the only instrument in this database that expressly defines a delegable "Agent": anyone "delegated the authority to revoke an individual’s permission to enter onto or remain on the Property." The individual warnings never expire either.
Who may file
The "Proprietor": "the owner or operator of a business or property, and anyone delegated the authority to revoke an individual’s permission to enter or remain on the property."
What the filing requires
- Form 5.34 with business name, street address, and proprietor details, counter-signed by an SPD representative and supervisor; no notarization
- "Conditions of Entry" signs conspicuously displayed, conforming to the city’s format: patrons and customers only; code violations prohibited; "No entry after business hours without permission of owner"
- One authorization per address: "The Department will not complete group trespass authorizations"; shared areas like strip-mall parking lots need the property owner’s own authorization
- Eligibility: property "commonly open to the general public"; private residences and multi-family housing qualify only if vacant
How long it lasts
"This Agreement shall remain in effect until either Party terminates this Agreement." Individual trespass warnings issued under it "do not expire." Revocation takes up to three working days to process.
Cost
No fee stated in the manual, form or FAQ.
How to file
Contact your precinct’s trespass program coordinator in person or by email; each precinct maintains its own files.
What police do, and the evidence it turns on
Two-step and heavily documented: with a current authorization in the records system and signs posted, officers issue a written Trespass Warning that is name-logged as a field contact; arrest follows when a warned person returns, or immediately after business hours when the person "knew that s/he was not permitted to be on the property." Prosecution needs a cooperating witness "with the authority to explain the conditions of entry… willing to testify in court", and SPD encourages owners "to keep detailed records of their interactions with trespassers." Washington also carved trespass out of its officer-presence arrest rule by statute, so officers may arrest on probable cause.
Legal basis: SMC 12A.08.040; RCW 9A.52.070/.080 (cited on Form 5.34); RCW 10.31.100(1) (probable-cause arrest for criminal trespass).
- SPD Manual 15.270 — Trespass Warning Program — warning/arrest predicates and the records workflow
- SPD Form 5.34 — Trespass Warning & Enforcement Authorization — the Agent definition, conditions of entry, and per-address rule
- Seattle City Attorney — Trespass Program
- Trespass Program FAQ — eligibility, revocation and the testifying-witness requirement
Why every city calls it something different
There is no federal or state-level standard for pre-authorizing trespass enforcement, so each police department invented its own paperwork, on its own legal hook. Texas departments built affidavits on Penal Code § 30.05’s definition of notice, which includes a communication from “someone with apparent authority to act for the owner”: the affidavit makes every officer that someone. California wrote the mechanism into state law. Penal Code § 602(o) allows a standing, notarized request for police assistance capped at twelve months, which is why San Diego’s Letter of Agency and Los Angeles’s 41.24 form both expire in a year. Oregon cities designate officers as the owner’s agents under municipal code. The instruments differ in name, term, notarization and scope, but they all answer the same two problems: the warning has to come from someone with authority, and in most states an officer can only make a warrantless misdemeanor arrest for an offence committed in their presence.
The result is a vocabulary problem with real cost. A manager with sites in Houston, Phoenix and Seattle needs a notarized Trespass Affidavit at a police storefront, an online Authority to Arrest filed with a precinct, and a Trespass Warning & Enforcement Authorization counter-signed by a precinct coordinator. Three names, three filing routes, three renewal clocks, for the same protection.
The pattern behind every program
Strip the local names away and the same machine appears in every city: the authorization must be on file before the incident; the property must be posted with signs, often to an exact specification; officers warn first and arrest on refusal or return; every warning is documented (name, date, time, place) because that record is what turns the next visit into an arrestable offence; and the owner never fully leaves the picture, because someone has to sign the complaint and testify. Philadelphia shows what the world looks like without a program: police there require the owner to personally order the person off and sign as complainant on the spot, in the officer’s presence, every time.
What this means if you own or manage property
The paperwork is necessary but not sufficient. An authorization on file does nothing until someone sees the trespasser and calls it in. Salem’s program says explicitly that police must first be notified of the situation, and Eugene requires the signage and the letter to exist before a call for service can even be actioned when no one from the business is on site. Enforcement then runs on documentation: who was on the property, when, and that they were warned.
That is precisely the record remote video monitoring produces. A live operator sees the person on your property in real time and can report it while it is happening, which is the notification step every program depends on. With audio talk-down, the warning itself is delivered over on-site speakers, time-stamped and recorded. One honest caveat, because this page only earns its keep by being accurate: courts have held that an officer watching a camera feed is not the same as the offence happening “in the officer’s presence,” so video is not a shortcut to an instant arrest. Its value is the evidence trail, and at least one major department says so in writing: Austin’s policy allows officers to establish probable cause from “probative video of a suspect committing the offense.”
Which makes the evidence trail a camera problem before it is a paperwork problem. A warning is only documentation if the footage shows who was warned, and most estates have exactly one camera pointed where the trespass keeps happening — usually the wrong way. Our camera planner puts the property on a satellite map so you can see what each camera can identify at the fence line, the loading dock or the back lot, and where the gaps are that a defence lawyer would find first.
Where the instrument stops
A trespass authorization works against intruders, loiterers and after-hours entrants. It does not remove anyone who can plausibly claim tenancy or established residency. That is eviction territory, and police programs refuse it explicitly: Chicago’s directive bars using its program for “landlord-tenant disputes or other civil matters where ownership is in dispute.” A number of states have created faster statutory removal processes for residential squatters since 2024, but those are separate mechanisms with their own sworn complaints. If occupancy is the problem, start with a lawyer, not this page.
Methodology
Every rule on this page was verified on August 7, 2026 against the police department form, program page or municipal code that sets it, and each city section links its sources. Where a city’s website blocks automated access (most of them do), the fact was verified against a dated archive capture of the exact official URL, and the source note says so. Where something is not published, this page says “not stated” rather than guessing: no city publishes a fee for these filings, so no cost is claimed here. Programs change and filings lapse. Treat the linked source as authoritative, confirm current requirements with your police department, and if you find a rule out of date, tell us and we will correct it. This page is general information about municipal trespass programs, not legal advice, and Blinkless is not a law firm.
Reuse
The city table is free to copy, quote and republish under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 license: credit Blinkless and link back to this page. That covers our compilation and wording only — the department forms, program pages and municipal codes each section links to belong to the cities that publish them.
Frequently asked questions
What is a no-trespass letter for commercial property?
A standing authorization, filed with the police before anything happens, that lets officers warn off (and if necessary arrest) trespassers on your property when you are not there. Without one, trespass enforcement usually stalls on two legal requirements: the trespasser must be warned by the owner or the owner’s agent, and in most states an officer can only make a warrantless misdemeanor arrest for an offence committed in their presence. The authorization solves the first problem by making every officer your agent; the documented warn-first, arrest-on-return pattern solves the second. Of the 18 cities in this database, 14 operate such a program and 4 (Atlanta, Las Vegas, New York City, Philadelphia) currently do not.
What does my city call a trespass authorization?
Almost every city calls it something different, which is why no single reference existed before this one. Houston, San Antonio and Fort Worth call it a Trespass Affidavit; Dallas and Chicago a Criminal Trespass Affidavit; Austin an Authorization Letter for Criminal Trespass Arrest; San Diego a Letter of Agency; Los Angeles a Trespass Arrest Authorization (the "41.24 form"); Phoenix an Authority to Arrest Trespassers; Portland a Trespass Enforcement Agreement; Salem and Eugene a Trespass Letter of Consent; Seattle a Trespass Warning & Enforcement Authorization; Charlotte an Authorization to Act as Agent. A property manager with sites in three states has to learn three vocabularies for the same instrument. The full list, with each city’s form linked, is above.
Can police remove trespassers from my property when I’m not there?
In cities with a program, yes. That is exactly what the filing is for. Houston’s affidavit authorizes police "to enter the premises… and, in my absence, to enforce all applicable trespass laws on my behalf", and Charlotte’s form makes every sworn officer the owner’s agent to order people off and arrest those who refuse. But the authorization must be on file before the incident, the property must be posted, and most cities still need someone to see the trespass and call it in: Salem says plainly that police "must first be notified of the situation." In cities without a program (Atlanta, Las Vegas, New York City, Philadelphia), enforcement generally requires the owner or an agent to participate at the time of the incident; Philadelphia’s police policy requires the owner to personally communicate the order to leave and sign as complainant on the spot.
How long does a trespass affidavit or letter of agency last?
It varies more than any other rule. California caps standing authorizations at 12 months by state statute (Penal Code § 602(o)), so San Diego’s Letter of Agency and LA’s 41.24 form both run a year at most. Phoenix, Austin, Salem, Chicago and Charlotte are one-year programs; Dallas’s affidavit lasts up to two years; Portland’s agreement runs two years; Houston’s has no stated expiration and simply must be refiled when anything changes; Seattle’s stays in effect until either party terminates it. Nearly all of them die automatically when the property changes ownership or management. A stale filing means no enforcement.
Do I need "No Trespassing" signs for police to enforce trespass laws?
Yes. In every city in this database with a program, posted signage is either required for the filing to be valid or required before officers will act, and several cities specify the sign down to the inch. San Diego wants a sign at least 18" × 24" stating a Letter of Agency is on file; Los Angeles requires two-inch lettering at every entrance and every fifty feet of unfenced boundary; Phoenix wants metal, bilingual signs around 16" × 24"; Salem dictates the exact wording and bars adding anything else; Charlotte requires photos of the posted signs with the application and will not approve without them. Signs also do independent legal work: they are one of the statutory forms of "notice" that makes entry a crime in the first place.
What evidence do police need to arrest someone for trespassing?
The pattern in nearly every city is warn first, arrest on return, and the warning is only as good as its documentation. Seattle officers arrest on a prior warning only when it is logged in the records system against that person and that address; Fort Worth officers complete a warning card and an incident report "so that officers can arrest the person if he/she is located on the property again"; Los Angeles requires every advisement documented with name, date, time and address, retained for at least a year. And in every city the owner’s side survives the paperwork: someone must be willing to sign a complaint and testify. What that means practically is that records of who was on the property, when, and that they were warned are the currency of trespass enforcement.
Does a trespass authorization work against squatters?
No, and every program that addresses the question says so. The criminal-trespass instrument works against intruders, loiterers and after-hours entrants who have no colorable claim to occupy the property. Once someone can claim tenancy or established residency, the matter becomes civil: eviction, not arrest. Chicago’s directive states its program "will not be used to mitigate landlord-tenant disputes or other civil matters where ownership is in dispute." Since 2024 a growing list of states (Florida’s § 82.036, Georgia’s Squatter Reform Act) has created expedited statutory removal processes for residential squatters, but those are separate mechanisms with their own sworn-complaint requirements.
Does remote video monitoring help with trespass enforcement?
It produces exactly the documentation these programs run on, with one honest caveat. Courts have held that an officer watching a camera feed does not satisfy the "in the officer’s presence" arrest requirement, so video is not a shortcut to an on-the-spot arrest. What monitored video verifiably does: it records who was on the property, when, and that they were warned to leave (the same fields on every warning form in this database); it lets someone actually see the trespass and call it in, which cities like Salem and Eugene require before anything happens; and it supports charges filed afterward by report and warrant. Austin’s police policy says it directly: officers "do not need to actually witness the offense" and may establish probable cause from "probative video of a suspect committing the offense." A live Blinkless operator adds the warning itself, spoken over on-site speakers, time-stamped and recorded. Rules on this page were verified against their sources on August 7, 2026.
Put eyes on the property your authorization protects
Every program on this page runs on the same two things: someone seeing the trespasser, and a documented warning. Blinkless remote guarding provides both. A live operator watching your cameras speaks to intruders through on-site speakers and reports incidents as they happen, with every warning time-stamped and recorded.
Or call (212) 470-2511. We answer.